Abstract: Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga utshintsho ekuchaseni xa ucingo lokumelana luba luncinci. Ngokuhlalutya ubudlelwane phakathi kocingo oluchasayo kunye nombane kunye ne-voltage, siya kuchaza ukuba ukucuthwa kocingo oluchasayo kukhokelela ekunyuseni okanye ekunciphiseni ukuchasana, kwaye sihlolisise ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

intshayelelo:

Kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, ukuxhathisa yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi basenamathandabuzo athile malunga nezizathu zotshintsho kuxhathiso. Omnye wemibuzo kukuba, ngaba ukuchasana kuya kwandisa okanye kuyancipha xa ucingo lokumelana luba lukhuni? Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga nzulu kulo mbandela kwaye lincede abafundi bacombulule ukubhideka kwabo.

1. Ubudlelwane phakathi kocingo lokuxhathisa, lwangoku, kunye nokumelana

Okokuqala, kufuneka siqonde ubudlelwane phakathi kweengcingo zokumelana, zangoku, kunye nokuxhathisa. Ngokomthetho we-Ohm, i-current (I) ilingana nokumelana (R) kunye nokulinganisa ngokungafaniyo nombane (V). Oko kukuthi, I=V/R. Kule fomula, ukuchasana (R) yiparameter ebalulekileyo yocingo lokumelana.

2. Ukunciphisa ucingo lokumelana: kubangela ukwanda okanye ukuncipha kokuchasana?

Emva koko, siza kuxubusha ngokweenkcukacha utshintsho ekuchaseni xa ucingo lokumelana luba luncinci. Xa ucingo lokumelana luba luncinci, indawo yalo ye-cross-sectional iyancipha. Ngokusekwe kubudlelwane phakathi kokuchasana kunye nommandla onqamlezileyo wocingo lokuchasa (R=ρ L/A, apho ρ yi-resistivity, L bubude, kunye no-A yindawo enqamlezileyo), sinokubona ukuba a ukuncipha kwindawo enqamlezayo kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni kokuchasana.

3. Amatyala okunciphisa iingcingo zokuxhathisa kwiindawo zesicelo

Nangona kuyinyaniso ngokwethiyori ukuba ukucuthwa kocingo lokumelana kukhokelela ekunyukeni kokuchasana, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, sinokubona ukuba kukho iimeko apho ukuncipha kocingo lokumelana kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuchasana. Ngokomzekelo, kwezinye izixhobo zokuchasana ezichanekileyo, ngokulawula ubungakanani bocingo lokumelana, ukulungiswa kakuhle kwexabiso lokumelana kunokufezekiswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuchaneka kwesekethe.

Ukongeza, kwi-thermistors, ukuncitshiswa kocingo lokumelana nako kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuchasana. I-thermistor licandelo elisebenzisa utshintsho lobushushu ukutshintsha ixabiso lokumelana. Xa iqondo lokushisa liphakama, izinto eziphathekayo zocingo lokuchasa ziya kwanda, zibangele ukuba ucingo lokumelana lube luncinci, ngaloo ndlela lubangele ukuhla kokumelana. Olu phawu lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi yokulinganisa ubushushu kunye nokulawula.

4. Isiphelo

Ngokuhlalutya ubudlelwane phakathi kocingo lokuchasa kunye nombane kunye ne-voltage, sinokugqiba ukuba ukucutha ucingo lokumelana kuya kubangela ukwanda kokumelana. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko zesicelo esikhethekileyo, ukucuthwa kocingo lokumelana nako kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuchasana, okuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo kunye neemfuno zesicelo.

Isishwankathelo:

Eli nqaku lihlalutya umba wokutshintsha kokumelana okubangelwa kukuncipha kweengcingo zokumelana. Kwithiyori, i-wire resistance wire iya kukhokelela ekwandeni kokuchasana; Nangona kunjalo, kwizicelo eziphathekayo, kukho neemeko ezikhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuchasana. Siye sakhankanya ezinye iimeko kwimimandla yesicelo, ebonisa ukuhlukahluka kunye nokuguquguquka kweengcingo ezinqabileyo zokumelana. Ngeli nqaku, abafundi banokufumana ukuqonda okubanzi ngakumbi malunga nefuthe le-thinning resiingcingo ze-istance, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kwazo kunye neempawu kwizicelo eziphathekayo.